Scientists find first genetic pathway in natural ageing

Chinese scientists have found the first genetic pathway underlying natural variation in ageing, which could provide insights for developing interventions to slow down the process of growing old in humans, state media reported today.

The scientists, studying a worm, found that the combination of a certain neuropeptide coding gene and its receptor gene controls the stress reaction of a “longevity gene”, which regulates the rate of ageing, China Daily reported.

The more active the coding gene and stronger the receptor gene, the more rapid ageing occurs, according to the team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Neuroscience.

An article about their study, which took more than five years, was published yesterday in the journal Nature.

Uncovering the genetic secrets of the ageing rate is significant, as the average age of the global population is rising fast.Lab experiments were conducted on Caenorhabditis elegans, a transparent worm about 1 millimetre in length that lives in temperate soil environments. It is the basis of the animal model widely used for age-related research because of its clear genetic profile and short life span — an average of three weeks. The tiny free-living worms from different parts of the world show varied rates of decline in virility, eating and locomotion during ageing.

Researchers said they have not yet found the worms’ neuropeptide in the human body. “But we know that animal evolution is conservative, and if we carry on with further studies we’re confident that we will probably find that the mechanism underlying the ageing rate of mammals is the same as for the worms,” said Mu-Ming Poo, director of the institute and an academician of the science academy. “Healthy human life can be extended if there is a way to target these genes in the future,” he said.